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Is Associate Worth $450 Hourly? Fee Cited in Latham Dispute

Posted Apr 22, 2009 7:18 AM CST
By Debra Cassens Weiss

Updated: Century Indemnity Co. says a charge of $450 an hour for an "unlicensed" associate at Latham & Watkins is excessive, as were other legal fees charged by the law firm in a toxic tort case.

The insurer is asking a Los Angeles court to compel arbitration in the fee dispute with Latham in a motion filed partly because of the $450 hourly bill, the American Lawyer reports. Century Indemnity has paid about 27 percent of Latham’s fees in the law firm’s defense of Montrose Chemical Corp. under an agreement with other Montrose insurers. In a four-year period ending in 2006, the law firm billed about $21.8 million dollars and Century paid about $5.8 million of the tab, according to the story’s summary of the petition allegations.

Century claims Latham did unreasonable and unnecessary work on the case and charged excessive hourly fees. The law firm billed fees ranging from $380 to $450 an hour for lawyers; Century says a more reasonable fee would be $140 to $180 an hour, according to the story.

Century also says Latham refused to bill time by tasks, instead making a bulk time entry for each day’s work. And it says Latham billed more than $330,000 for internal communications and memoranda. "For the most part, the team of 15 attorneys and 11 staff spent their time reviewing the same things and then billing to confer among themselves about what they had reviewed," the petition says.

Latham, in an e-mail statement sent to the ABA Journal today, denies that the associate in question was unlicensed. Indeed, the firm maintains the individual was a former judicial clerk who was licensed at the time.

The firm adds the following statement: "The issues raised in Century's petition to compel arbitration are the subject of a previously filed lawsuit now pending before Judge Carolyn B. Kuhl of the Los Angeles Superior Court, Complex Case Division, brought by Montrose Chemical Corp. of California against Century."

According to the firm, Montrose seeks contract and bad-faith damages arising from Century's breach of its duty to defend Montrose in complex toxic tort lawsuits pending in Texas that involve 1,900 plaintiffs seeking more than $100 million for personal injuries, property damages and punitive damages.

The firm maintains that Judge Kuhl has previously ruled that Century breached its defense obligations to Montrose and isn't entitled to arbitrate the reasonableness of defense costs.

"Century performed internal audits of all Latham bills for reasonableness between 2002-06 and determined that all should be paid without objection," according to Latham. "The new Century filing follows a court order denying Century's motion to stay Montrose's bad-faith lawsuit pending its appeal of Judge Kuhl's order in favor of Montrose. We expect Century's meritless and inflammatory petition to be resolved in accordance with Judge Kuhl's prior rulings."

Updated at 3:24 p.m. April 24 to add statements from Latham.

Comments

1.

B. McLeod
Apr 22, 2009 7:26 AM CST

I suppose this qualifies as the Latham & Watkins cluster-something of the Century.

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2.

Marian
Apr 23, 2009 1:39 PM CST

What exactly is an “unlicensed associate”?  Wouldn’t that be a paralegal? Or a secretary?  if you don’t have a license you are not an associate under the California rules, Rule 1-100(B)(4) defines associate as one who is employed as a lawyer; 1-100(B)(3) defines lawyer as one who is a member of the California Bar or a member in good standing another state Bar.  Sounds like Latham is gonna have to explain fradulent billing as well as outrageous billing.

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3.

Poss
Apr 24, 2009 3:59 AM CST

@Marian: I guess an unlicensed associate is simply an associate whose admission is pending. e.g. the associate took the bar exam in July, started working at L&W in September, and was sworn in in March: Between September and march, he is an unlicensed associate.

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4.

Debra VEOLI
Apr 24, 2009 5:39 AM CST

Well, I am not sure WHERE I come out on this one.  A license is important, BUT it does not necessarily mean that if you don’t have one, you are NOT competent.

There are plenty of lawyers with licenses that are dopes, and there are some smart law clerks.

I think the court should employe a “balancing” test—that is, does the prejudicial effect of being unlicensed be outweighed by the probative effect of having the need to be licensed.

It is like women being too thin.  Not everyone believes this is good.

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5.

Richard Hunt
Apr 24, 2009 6:10 AM CST

No associate is worth $450 an hour, licensed or not. In fact, most partners aren’t worth $450 and hour. This is just an example of how grotesquely divorced from reality Big Law, like Big Finance has become.

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6.

Fran
Apr 24, 2009 6:47 AM CST

I’m not exactly surprised at the fact that they billed for having a whole bunch of people review the same materials and have meetings upon meetings to discuss what they reviewed.  That is the way of it with these big law firms and someone needs to put a stop to it.  Latham should be made an example of this bad practice…the whole goal for them was to amass a huge amount of billing time and collect enough money to pay their partners and associates those fat checks.  The funny thing is that they may bill 450 for the so called unlicensed associate (who in this case, I believe may be paralegals), but they actually pay those folks only about $40 an hour and the partners pocket the rest of it.  I say they should be made to pay big time for this…

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7.

aba reader
Apr 24, 2009 6:49 AM CST

Is Century really surprised that a firm the size of Latham would have several reviewers going over and discussing documents? Toxic tort cases can cost the firm a lot of money and thus require a lot of work on the attorney side, and Century should have known that. It is easy for them to hire a firm that will staff lean, and that does not have the resources to support a hire who is waiting to be licensed. It seems to me they got what they asked for, and when the bill arrived, they looked for an out. Things are tough all over.

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8.

Hadley V. Baxendale
Apr 24, 2009 6:50 AM CST

Good for the client for standnig up to this.  The “licensed/unlicensed” may be a distraction as to that individual’s ability, but it taints the whole process.  Sounds like “unauthorized practice” to me.  N bankruptcy, fee applications sometimes get raked over by “fee auditors” adn they come through like a machete choppnig away the worthless billings and expenses.  If I were a GC, I think I’d tell my Biglaw candidates at the beauty contest that their bills will go to a fee auditor—then watch them crawfish on taking the work.

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9.

kd
Apr 24, 2009 7:05 AM CST

The notion that law firms shouldn’t be permitted to bill for internal communications is something you hear frequently.  But it’s ludicrous.  It’s also dangerous.  Just try asking a big corporate client’s marketing department or its board or its science research department, or whatever,  to do their work without talking, coordinating, strategizing or discussing among themselves.

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10.

CountyLawyer
Apr 24, 2009 7:22 AM CST

I’ve worked mostly government but a lot of law school friends who are second and third year associates like myself bill A LOT for review and coordination, which makes sense when you consider that the law clerk, paralegal, “yet-to-be licensed associate” or similarly situated attorney does a lot of the grunt work that they then have to explain to the partner actually representing the client at depos or whatever.

Also, they need to remember than the sheer volume of work produced necessitates coordination so that person A and B know what they’re both doing.

Obviously, Latham should’ve agreed, as is commonly done, to consider cutting the bills of some of these people to avoid this mess and bad press.  And the bulk billing is just bad, unless the insurer agreed in advance ...

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11.

Foghorn Leghorn
Apr 24, 2009 7:25 AM CST

At least I only cluck defiance…

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12.

B. McLeod
Apr 24, 2009 7:26 AM CST

The number of lawyers and support staff assigned to a matter should be determined by the character and requirements of the work, not by the firm’s perception of how many lawyers and staff the client can afford to pay for.

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13.

with kd
Apr 24, 2009 7:33 AM CST

I’m completely with kd.  I hear about clients complaining all the time that they are being billed for an associate’s work and the partner’s review of the associate’s work and the associate conferring with the partner, etc.  Problem is, this is the way lawyers work.  No attorney’s work can be performed in a vacuum.  Our work is held to very high standards and a misspelling or misplaced punctuation mark can make or break a case.  It’s worthwhile to have a second (or third) set of eyes review various documents.  And in preparing for litigation it is important to strategize with others to ensure that you’re considering all of the potential arguments and pitfalls of those arguments.  I can go on and on about this, but it won’t make the clients see how important it is for attorneys to collaborate.  If a client doesn’t want to pay for review and meetings they should hire a solo practitioner.

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14.

Ronnie
Apr 24, 2009 7:46 AM CST

Maybe its just me, but I was struck by the bulk-billing part of the story.  I wish I could just submit some random number on my client’s bill at the end of every day and write a full slew of what I did.  They wouldn’t accept it in the courts in VA (at least not with family law).  And given that they probably have to itemize the tasks separately to come up with the global number, there’s no excuse for not just billing it that way.  Oh, and an associate is not worth $450 an hour.  Just not.  At all.

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15.

Ronnie
Apr 24, 2009 7:48 AM CST

Also, regarding the conferring with others, I agree that it’s important, and my boss and I do it frequently.  Only one of us charges for it though.  Maybe it’s because funds are often awfully tight in divorce cases, but it’s also because it just seems WRONG to charge a client 15 minutes at $250/hour for myself and 15 minutes at $375/hour for my boss for something that took 15 minutes total.  But again, that’s just me.

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16.

@ Ronnie
Apr 24, 2009 8:05 AM CST

Ronnie, re post 15, although I’m sure each conference isn’t like this, do you on accasion confer with the partner for 15 minutes to come up with an answer that might have taken you an hour or more to come up with on your own?  Your combined 15 minutes costs the client $156.25, a pretty good deal if you ask me.  And sure, the partner may have been able to do it all on their own in less time, but then they would have to have that time in the first place, but they don’t b/c they’re dealing with other aspects of the case and generating the revenue necessary to take on any case at all.

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17.

SB
Apr 24, 2009 8:07 AM CST

1.  I suspect that the “unlicensed” associate was someone with 5+ years of litigation experience and a license in another state (but not yet in California). But I could be wrong.

2.  Clients know (if they don’t know, why are they making the buying decision?) that BigLaw will, in many instances, charge them a fee which is multiples of what a mid-size firm will charge for the same case.  But, for their money, they get lawyers who are in the top 10% at top schools, political “cover” for their decision, excruciating attention to details, etc.  So where is the outrage?

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18.

dave
Apr 24, 2009 8:20 AM CST

Briefly:  As a bill reviewer, I am on the look out for excessive charges for internal communications.  Many insurers and corporation have billing guidelines under which firms agree to limit billing for internal communications. Firms should honor their agreements.

However, based on the numbers alone $330K for internal communications out of $2180K billed (15%) it is hard to draw any conclusions.  The quote from the petition is more argumentative than helpful.  15% is not “most” of the bill and I would expect a large percentage of the bill would be for reviewing documents.

The number of staff (legal and non-legal) should have been discussed all through out the litigation.  The quote from the petition implies non-legal staff were reviewing and billing for review of documents, why.  If several attorneys review a document, why should anyone pay for a paralegal review as well?  If the firm says two timekeepers reviewed every document, no one should be surprised.  If the firm says 26 people reviewed every document, the firm should not be surprised if no one wants to pay.  The devil is in the details (and no, I do not work for that company).

Obviously, the firm should not hold out a person as an associate, if they are not legally an associate.  The firm might have a different interpretation of the law from Marian.

Why is the person unlicensed?  Two possible reasons I can think of are:  failing the bar one or more times, the person is a new graduate (i.e. no experience).  I would like to hear how the firm explains $450/hour.  According to the story, the highest rate charged was $450.  Billing an unlicensed person at the highest rate sounds like a billing error, a mistake.  You do not get quantum meruit if you are in violation of public policy.

The “one entry per day” format is obsolete and insulates the bill from review.  No firm is entitled to any fee beyond a reasonable fee.  If your agreement calls for an hourly fee, the you must show how much time you are billing for each task, so that your client can see if the fees are reasonable.

Why not agree to arbitration?  Do you really want to be in court, with delays, with jurors, with reporters.  Do your really want to preserve your extraordinarily expensive appellate rights?

How many other insurers were there?  Among the other insurers there must be someone willing to join Century Indemnity or to be a witness for Latham.

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19.

Jbr
Apr 24, 2009 8:23 AM CST

$450 seems ridiculous, but if Century signed on, I’m not so sympathetic to their subsequent complaints.  I’m also not sympthetic, at a very general level, to their objections to paying for attorneys to talk with each other.  To paraphrase someone else here, work done in a vacuum is not likely to be of the same quality as work performed in collaboration with other (hopefully) smart people.  At the very least, final workproduct improves when someone other than the writer reviews for basic spelling and grammar errors b.c the writer is going to unconsciously gloss over many of these kinds of mistakes.  Whether performing that kind of work should be billed at the same hourly rate as more substantive thinking, research and writing is another matter. “Just try asking a big corporate client’s marketing department or its board or its science research department, or whatever,  to do their work without talking, coordinating, strategizing or discussing among themselves”- yup.

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20.

SteveM
Apr 24, 2009 8:28 AM CST

My sympathy for the claimant here is exceedingly limited.  When an insurer comes along after the fact and starts to dispute the bill that is nothing but them trying to do cost recovery.  Do you think Latahm would have taken this case if they were told that $180/hour was going to be the max billing rate on the file?  You’ll note that Montrose isn’t complaining about the service the received, just their bean-counting insurer.  And $140-$180/hour for high end defense work?  Complete BS.  No one who could do a case this size charges that little.  No one.

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21.

SteveM
Apr 24, 2009 8:32 AM CST

@dave - I expect the $450 was for an attorney licensed in another jurisdiction.  For all we know that attorney had leave to appear in this case and the insurer is just blowing smoke with the “unlicensed” claims.

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22.

Barbara Res
Apr 24, 2009 8:47 AM CST

many years ago, when the top lawyer was billing at $500, I was charged $175 for paralegals.  The two clueless persons were sent into my office to review thousands of files, that I and my associate had already reviewed and basically all they did was -  I forgot,  oh yeah - nothing.
The bill came to over $200,000.
We negotiated.
Fixed fees are coming.

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23.

Jim
Apr 24, 2009 8:53 AM CST

Century’s argument seemed compealing until one reads that all attorneys were charging $450 an hour.  $450 / hour for a Latham partner seems more than reasonable.  I wonder what percentage of the fees were for partner / senior associate level work as compared to first or second year associates.  Regardless, $140 to $180 hour is absolutely ridiculous.  Entry level associates were charging at least that much when I was an associate at a mid-market law firm nearly ten years ago.  Anyone who thinks that a partner at a large well-respected law firm would agree to work for that rate is living in a fantasy world, even in this economic environment.  Century would’ve been wise to counter with a reasonable rate.  P.S. If anyone knows of any partners who would work for this rate, please post their names.  As in-house counsel, I am always looking to save money on legal fees.

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24.

tlc
Apr 24, 2009 8:59 AM CST

I have no sympathy for an insurer under these circumstances.  These fees were amassed over a 4 year period.  Did the insurer raise these issues during the case?  Did it give notice to the firm that the fees should be capped at $180/hour?  Did it give the firm a chance to withdraw early on in this case, such as after the first bill?  Did it pay any bill promptly?  The answer to all of these is likely no.  Who among the commentators has perfromed work for an insurer then waited 6 months for the bill to be paid? Century is not some poor, unsophisticated widow who didn’t know what she was getting into.  It hired BigLaw, most likely with a detailed fee agreement in place, it had the bills for 4 years, and now it merely wants to pay less.

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25.

Charis P
Apr 24, 2009 9:17 AM CST

Most of the people balking about Century’s position on what the billing rate should have been probably have never had to actually deal with insurers regarding billable rates.  Insurer’s typically insist on caps well below the market rate of law firms.  That doesn’t mean that law firms abide by them. It often simply means that the insured picks up any difference.

I am surprised that an understanding regarding hourly rate caps was not negotiated prior to the commencement of work.  That is unusual, at least at mid sized and small firms.  Perhaps we are not getting the full story from this article.

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26.

Bird Smack
Apr 24, 2009 9:43 AM CST

I don’t care where the “associate” was licensed or for how long he’d been practicing law.  No associate is worth $450 an hour.  And no associate is worth half of $450 an hour on toxic tort litigation.

That said, Century should sit back and suck it up because they actually let this law firm get away with this crap for four years.  How about estoppel.  Idiots.  This is what happens when insurers issue pro forma reservation-of-rights letters:  the insured gets to pick counsel and then counsel jams the bills down the insurer’s throat.

If you’ve already paid, too late, suckers.  You should have not paid.

BigLaw Rules!!!!

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27.

cdh
Apr 24, 2009 9:45 AM CST

What would we, as lawyers, think of a trucking company who hired drivers that don’t have licenses.

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28.

Andy the Lawyer
Apr 24, 2009 9:57 AM CST

Doubtless Century decided to defend Montrose under a reservation of rights, entitling Montrose to independent counsel of its own choosing with the Insurer required to pay “reasonable” defense expenses.  In such cases, this becomes the sticking point.  Insurers will always want to pay independent counsel in these situations the same lowball rates it permits its panel counsel to bill when defending without a reservation of rights.  The independent counsel always will insist on its right to be paid at or near the median hourly rate charged by other firms skilled in the lawsuit’s subject matter—and a major toxic tort case is not a slip and fall case. 

Overall, Latham should win on the reasonableness of the hourly rate if it’s armed with statistical data about the actual median rates for specialized litigation in the practice area.  But the block billing will be a real problem.

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29.

dave
Apr 24, 2009 9:57 AM CST

SteveM, re unlicensed attorney, I hope that is not the case.  I think this issue is one where one side or the other has made a mistake.

I hope everyone would agree there is not enough information here to form a conclusion.  If Century’s share is 27%, that might indicate that they had no say whatever in the retention of the firm or the conduct of the defense.  They may not have seen the bill until the end; although they certainly would have been free to ask.

We do not know if Century was primary or excess.

“Low hourly rates paid by insurance companies” are for panel firms who might have a volume of work and are assigned cases by the carrier.  Some policies call for reimbursement of attorneys fees paid by the client.  The client may have negotiated the rates?  We really don’t know.

Law firms like to say “The client did not complain.”  You have to ask yourself about the value of an opinion from a client who did not have to pay or who expects to be reimbursed 100%.

Ask your plaintiffs’ bar colleagues about waiting 6 months to get paid.  They may buy you a drink, or ask you to buy them one.

“Millions for defense and not one cent for tribute” is the battle cry of the well insured.

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30.

Charles W. Skinner
Apr 24, 2009 10:22 AM CST

Having just briefly looked at the media reporting on the litigation involved here, $22 Million is not an unreasonable number for 4 years of work on this type of litigation.

You’ve got 1,900 Plaintiffs and 30+ defendants.  Further, the BS about Civil Code 2860 cited in the underlying article is irrelevant, as there is likely no other “similar actions in the community where the claim arose or is being defended.”  Century is probably pulling that number out of its representation of other torts cases, which are FAR less complex.

My guess is that Latham has told Century that it isn’t going to do any more work until it gets paid for past work, and it will withdraw if they don’t get their money.  My guess is that Century knows that they’re going to lose if Latham pulls out, after having done 4 years of work, and then would be liable (likely jointly and severally) for the claims of the 1,900 plaintiffs.  Century is probably trying to gain negotiating leverage by blowing smoke out into the public.

Toxic tort cases drag on for years, and sometimes decades.  Century has had it’s opportunity to complain.  I think there’s probably an equitable estoppel claim here by Latham against Century for Century’s failure to act, and Latham’s reliance in good faith upon Century’s actions and acceptance of Latham’s Representation Agreement.

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31.

Alan Shore
Apr 24, 2009 12:19 PM CST

A unlicensed attorney could also be a 7th year attorney that transferred to California from another state where the firm has an office like NY, and has yet to get their results for the California bar and is hence an “unlicensed associate” to do that work.

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32.

Knew an Unlicensed Associate
Apr 24, 2009 12:44 PM CST

Without saying the firm’s name (although since it isn’t Latham, there are many more), I can say I know an unlicensed associate in NY who was billed out at standard associate rates.  I’ll admit it was depressing as a NY licensed attorney to be paid barely over $30,000 a year, while my friend made $170,000 a year as a second-year unlicensed associate.  He was not barred in any jurisdiction, and quipped “passing the bar is the only thing that matters—that’s when you become an attorney.”  He’s also not too bright (but graduated from a “Top 14” law school).

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33.

bac59447
Apr 24, 2009 12:44 PM CST

I take it that by unlicensed they simply mean someone who has taken the bar and is awaiting results.  Regardless though the same old story seems to be playing out here.  On the one hand is a firm that probably disclosed all its fees in an engagement letter and expected the client to live up to it.  On the other hand is a client who looks at the bills and sees 5 people reviewing every memo, those 5 people meeting with a sixth to discuss it, and those 6 meeting with a 7th, 8th and 9th to get their expert opinions on some arcane and minute detail in one section of the memo.  It drives me crazy on bills and remains one of the reasons I will drop a lawfirm as soon as I can end the matter.  Hopefully both sides can learn something from this madness.

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34.

In a word, no
Apr 24, 2009 2:20 PM CST

No, not even to his own mother.

(Is unlicensed associate worth $450 hourly?)

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35.

Kalifornia Arnold
Apr 24, 2009 6:47 PM CST

This goes on all the time at Dewy, Cheatem and Howe

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36.

JHG
Apr 25, 2009 9:47 AM CST

I blame the clients. When you hire Biglaw you will get churned to make fees…..time for these clients to wake up. There is a reason why 90% of the lay offs have been in Biglaw. They are carrying alot of fat that had to be cut….fat that the clients were paying though the nose for.

For example, most products liability litigation can be carried out by medium sized firms at 50% of the price of Biglaw for the same result.

The only reason to use Biglaw would be in large transactional work.

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37.

TITO
Apr 25, 2009 9:50 AM CST

Why blame the firms?? Nobody holds a gun to these insurance companies or large corporations and forces them to pay these outrageous fees. They chose to hire Biglaw.

The more interesting question is why do they keep hiring Biglaw?

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38.

Duke it out
Apr 25, 2009 11:14 AM CST

Please let us not forget that in California attorney’s fees do not have to be reasonable, just not outrageous.  Is billing $450/hr for an unlicensed reviewer’s work reasonable?  No.  Is it outrageous?  Probably not.

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